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Jonathan Bunker

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Dr Jonathan Bunker
Dr Jonathan Bunker
Research Theme: Infrastructure
Faculty of Built Environment & Engineering School of Urban Development
Position: Senior Lecturer
Email: j.bunker@qut.edu.au
Phone: +61 7 3138 5086
Fax: +61 7 3138 1170
Location: QUT Gardens Pt,
L Block, Level 2,
Room 204
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Profile

Qualifications, Career history and Professional and Group Associations

Qualifications

BE (civil)(hons), PhD MIEAust MAITPM

Career History and biography

2005-present

Lecturer in Civil Engineering, School of Urban Development, QUT

2006-present Discipline Coordinator, Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering Programs, QUT
2000-2005 Lecturer in Civil Engineering, School of Urban Development, QUT
2004-2006 Sessional lecturer (transport engineering), The University of Queensland
1997-2000 Senior Transport Engineer, Eppell Olsen and Partners, Brisbane
1995-1997 Engineering Associate (Transport), Kittelson & Associates, Inc, Portland, Oregon
1992-1995 Sessional Tutor, School of Civil Engineering, QUT
1992-1995 Doctoral Candidate, School of Civil Engineering, QUT
1992 Research Assistant, School of Civil Engineering, QUT
1990 Cadet Engineer, Queensland Rail
1989-1991 Cadet Construction Engineer, Thiess Contractors

Professional and Group Associations

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Research

Research areas and external collaborators

Research Areas

Within the broad field of planning, Dr Jonathan Bunker and his research team have defined two main research areas:

 

Traffic Engineering and Transport Planning

Traffic Engineering is a multi-faceted research with the primary goal of providing and enhancing motoring safety to achieve the safe and efficient movement of people and goods throughout the world.

Dr. Bunker's research focusses on the planning, geometric design and traffic operations of roads and their networks, terminals, abutting lands and relationships with other modes of transportation.

Dr. Bunker and his research team carry out traffic counts, analyse accident statistics, study speed data, examine roadway conditions, conduct research, and review research that other professionals in the field have carried out. Dr. Bunker's areas of research include:

  • Travel demand
  • Transport operations
  • Transport and traffic planning and management
  • Public transport planning management
  • Transport and location choice modelling
  • Transport management
  • Intelligent transport systems
  • Public transport use and operation
  • Traffic management
  • Traffic flow
  • Parking
  • Urban and non-urban freight

 

Highway Engineering

Highways continue to be the backbone of the land transportation network supporting sustainable regional and national economy. The newer challenges in highway engineering deal with an ever increasing number of commuters on the highways and the development of speedy modes of transportation, which over time have multiplied the potential risks of highways. In order to meet future challenges, Dr. Bunker and his research team deal with the structural and functional requirements of highways and assesses the socio-economic and environmental impacts of highways for sustainable development.

Dr. Bunker and his research team support highway industry through research and education. Their research work is primarily carried out in collaboration with industry, including state, county, and local governments, as well as material suppliers and road building contractors. Research programs are coordinated to address the needs of these groups individually and collectively. Dr. Bunker's research areas include:

  • Highway design, construction, and maintenance
  • Highway traffic and safety
  • Solving critical highway problems.

 

External Collaborators

Within the broad field of planning, Dr. Bunker and his research team have strong collaborations with:

  • Australian Airports Association
  • Queensland Department of Main Roads
  • Queensland Transport
  • Queensland Rail
  • Royal Automobile Club of Queensland
  • US Transportation Research Board
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Teaching

Teaching areas and achievements and units taught

Teaching areas

Dr. Bunker coordinates and teaches courses related to traffic engineering and transport planning at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels at Queensland University of Technology. He developes, teaches and coordinates undergraduate and postgraduate units which include:

  • Design of Environmentally Sustainable Systems (includes Road Hierarchy, Development Transport Planning)
  • Design and Planning of Highways
  • Transport Engineering (includes Traffic Engineering, Transport Modelling)
  • Transport Engineering and Planning Applications (includes multimodal transport planning and engineering)
  • Design of Civil Projects (includes major transport infrastructure design)
  • Transportation Infrastructure (postgraduate unit)

Teaching Leadership

Dr. Bunker has been the Coordinator for the Bachelor of Engineering programmes of Civil, Civil & Construction, and Civil & Environmental since 2006.

He is developing and coordinating the six unit Design strand, which is the backbone of the BE (Civil) curriculum and develops students’ graduate capabilities in a structured fashion.

He developed the urban development and engineering courses, focussing on minors and second majors, and industry accreditation issues. 

He served as an active member of the Course Design Working Group since 2005.

 

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Grants

Funding and selected list of awarded projects

Dr. Bunker and his research team have attracted over AUD$2,158,000 in cash plus in-kind contributions in research grants during past eight years at QUT.

Selected List of Awarded Grants

Within the broad field of traffic engineering, Dr. Bunker and his research team have been granted funds to conduct following research projects:

Asset Management of road surfacing: Risk Based Decision Support modelling for managing skid resistance

Role: Project Leader
Participating agencies: Queensland Main Roads, CRC for Integrated Engineering Asset Management
Project Period: 2007-2009.

Impacts of Multi-combination Vehicles in Urban Areas

Role: Chief Investigator
Participating agencies: Queensland Main Roads, ARC.
Period: 2002-05.

Work Integrated Learning in the Bachelor of Engineering Courses

Role: Chief Investigator
Participating agencies: QUT
Period: 2003-04

KGUV Regional Accessibility Study through QUT Sustainable Living Initiative

Role: Principal Investigator
Participating agencies: QUT
Period: 2005

Redland Shire Mode Choice Study

Role: Chief Investigator
Participating agencies: Redland Shire Council
Period: 2003

An Innovative Model for Engagement: Integrated Solutions to Sustainable Growth in Coastal Queensland

Role: Chief Investigator
Participating agencies: Bundaberg Port Authority, Burnett-Mary Regional Group for Natural Resource Management Inc., Qld Department of Local Government and Planning, Queensland Sustainable Economic Development Working Group
Period: 2007

Instrumented Car Development

Role: Chief Investigator
Period: 2003

Freight Corridor Mode Performance

Role: Principal Investigator
Participating agencies: Seed, QUT
Period: 2000-01

Small Teaching and Learning Grant on Hydraulic Engineering Learning Centre

Role: Chief Investigator
Participating agencies: Seed, QUT
Period: 2003

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Supervision

Selected list of student projects

Within the broad field of transport engineering, Dr. Bunker’s students have undertaken following funded research projects:

Selected List of Research Student Projects

Assessing the Impacts of Multi-Combination Vehicles on Traffic Operation and Safety

The aim of this research project was to assess the impacts of multi-combination vehicles on traffic operation and safety. The initial intention of this work was to review current literature on MCVs. From this review, characteristics considered to be the most influential on the interaction between MCVs and other road users were to be determined. The objective was then to develop a testing methodology to obtain data on these characteristics, analyse the collected data, interpret the results and determine the implications of the findings.

It is expected that the findings of this work will be used to update and develop assessment procedures for innovative MCVs so that assessment of permitted routes for these very specialised vehicles may be based on consistent, objective criteria. The work will also appraise values recommended by Queensland Department of Main Roads (1998) and National Road Transport Commission (2001), as part of the Performance Based Standards for Heavy Vehicles Project.

Analysis of Unbound Granular Pavement Deterioration for use in Road Asset Management Modelling

The aim of this project is to increase the understanding of unbound pavement behaviour by investigating the roughness progression of pavements and thus assist in the improvement of roughness prediction methods. All research has been undertaken in a manner that supports a road network pavement management environment, and thus is intended to be directly beneficial to road management agencies.

Assessing the Spatial Impacts of Multi-Combination Vehicles in Urban Traffic Networks

Multi-combination vehicles (MCVs) in urban areas impact on productivity, safety, infrastructure, congestion and the environment. However, psychological effects of MCVs on other drivers may also influence the positioning of vehicles and congestion. A testing program was undertaken to observe passenger car behaviour around MCVs in a lateral and longitudinal sense. The outcomes of this research indicate that there is no further psychological impact on passenger car drivers, when travelling around B-doubles compared with semi-trailers. Where the results identified longitudinal behaviour changes, it was still concluded that B-doubles were more efficient at transporting freight when the passenger car equivalence (PCE) per tonne of freight was considered.

Assessment and Reduction of the Impacts of Large Freight Vehicles on Urban Traffic Corridor Performance

Increasing demand for road freight has lead to a widespread adoption of more productive large freight vehicles (LFVs), such as B-Doubles, by Australia’s road freight industry. Individual LFVs have a greater potential to impact traffic efficiency through their greater length and poorer longitudinal performance. However, this is offset to an extent as fewer vehicles are required to perform a given freight task.

This research has developed a means of characterising the effects that LFVs have on the performance of an urban arterial corridor managed by signalised intersections through development of a calibrated, first-principles microsimulation model. The model was applied to various freight policies and traffic management scenarios, including freight vehicle mode choice, lane utilisation and traffic signal settings; as well as the effectiveness of green time extension for approaching heavy vehicles. Benefits were able to be quantified in terms of reduced travel times and stop rates for both heavy and light vehicles in urban arterial corridors.

Modelling Road and Rail Freight Energy Consumption: A Comparative Study

The Australian land based freight transport task is forecast to experience very significant rates of growth in the short to medium term. Amongst the major implications of such increases task are the effects on the unsustainable nature of the demand for scarce energy resources; as well as the adverse air quality and greenhouse impacts. It is important to be able to quantify the degree to which such impacts can be minimized though mode share shifts from road to rail; road and rail infrastructure investment; and network performance enhancing measures.

The thesis describes the development of a spreadsheet based tool to compare corridor energy consumption of road and rail movements. The key parameters influencing the energy estimation and comparison procedure are identified and a methodology to compare door to door freight movement is provided. The energy comparison tool is designed to provide estimates on the energy consumption implications of changes in mode and vehicle types; average loadings; road and rail link improvements and other operating parameters. The tool takes into account physical route characteristics; commodity types; vehicle configuration and operating regimes.

Using Risk Analysis to Prioritise Road-Based Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) in Queensland

With perpetual strains on resources, road agencies need to develop network-level decision-making frameworks to ensure optimum resource allocation. This is especially true for incident management services and in particular variable message signs (VMS), which are relatively immature disciplines compared to traditional road engineering. Generally, road authorities do carry out needs assessments, but qualitatively in many cases. Therefore, this research presents a framework that is systematic, quantitative and relatively easy to implement. In order to prioritise VMS infrastructure deployment, a risk management approach was taken that focuses on minimising the impacts on, and costs to the community.

Modelling Passenger Mode Choice Behaviour Using Computer Aided Stated Preference Data

The main purpose of this research was to develop mode choice models which can reflect the current travel behaviour of the residents of Redland Shire and forecast the mode shares under different travel scenarios. These travel scenarios could be real or virtual, depending on the data provided by the respondent. For this purpose, a unique computer based travel survey instrument was designed to assess the respondents’ current and future travel behaviours, and further categorised them on the basis of traveller type i.e captive or choice users. Various logit models were estimated on the mode choice data, in order to forecast the travel behaviour of the population of the study area, if the hypothetical travel environment, presented in the surveys, can be implemented in practice.

Multi-Jurisdictional Institutional Framework for the Effective Implementation of Regional Traffic Incident Management Strategy

There are a number of critical issues facing transport policy and planning, particularly with the growth in traffic congestion in urban areas. Traffic incidents are a major cause of congestion, with significant economic, social and environmental impacts. Regional transport strategies in Australia have been largely unsuccessful in achieving their objectives and do not appear to seriously consider the implementation challenges being faced. The research will investigate implementation barriers, including integration and coordination mechanisms, effective institutional roles and procedures and incentive instruments. A framework for effective implementation will be developed and tested by questionnaire, survey and interview techniques involving experts, practitioners and stakeholders.

Development of a methodology to adjust field Weigh In Motion data to remove cyclical and other systematic variations

This project explores the hypothesis “that erroneous Weigh in Motion (WiM) data can be effectively identified and post processed in such a manner as to improve its accuracy”. Embodied in this hypothesis are five key concepts: that some data is erroneous, that the errors can be identified, that an adjustment system can be developed, that the system can be effectively applied, and that it can applied to all WiM data irrespective of WiM system type. Essentially the research programme aims to use Queensland WiM data as collected by Main Roads to explore the hypothesis.

Investigation to Improve High Speed Rail Sustainability

Transportation systems are essential to the prosperity of modern societies and economies. However the increasing usage of private cars and trucks is shaking the fragile equilibrium between economic growth, social development and the environment. Not only does it create impacts such as congestion, accidents, pollution and energy consumption, but it also supports a vicious cycle of dispersed land use patterns and the need for more car usage. The growing concern on transport impacts is stirring decision-makers to revise their approach toward the evaluation of transport projects and policies. In this attempt many initiatives have sprung around the world to address sustainable transport; however governments do not yet have a clear idea of the tools to achieve efficient and safe transport, in the best possible social and environmental circumstances. The focus of the current research is to investigate possible instruments to deliver sustainable mobility of goods and persons that support and shape sustainable development patterns and socio-economic attributes of urban centres and regions.

Intermodal Passenger Transport System Optimization

In the light of increasing congestion on city roads and our understanding about the adverse effects of the use of motor vehicles on climate, it is important to increase the number of people using public transport. It is also equally important to encourage existing passengers to continue using public transport by providing better and improved facilities. However, any increase in public transport patronage comes with consequences of putting extra load on the existing infrastructure. Simply adding more transit vehicles to cater for the increased demand will not solve the problem as additional passengers creates crowding at the station platform. Heavy boarding of passengers at some busway station platforms reduces comfort levels for passengers and makes manoeuvring to the bus door difficult. This in turn increases passenger service times and hence bus dwell times. From the literature review, there is very limited knowledge about the effects of crowding. Crowding not only affects dwell time but also reduces the operation efficiency of the platform. This research focuses on developing a comprehensive tool which can evaluate the platform efficiencies under varying level of passenger crowding. The interface between passenger and bus, and passenger crowding, at a busway platform will be modelled by using simulation software. This study aims in developing an interrelationship between platform crowding and bus operation efficiency and thus will have direct applications in providing improved station facilities.

Evaluating the Transportation Impacts of Different Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Configurations

Growing transportation costs and time spent travelling is of increasing concern for planners. The increasing use of car is making the situation worse leading to increased load on infrastructure, congestion, pollution and adverse health effects. In order to lessen these adverse effects and make the development sustainable, the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) concept was introduced during mid 80’s. TOD is a planned community with a rich mix of land uses, pedestrian environment and good quality public transport service. The transportation benefits of TODs claim reduced reliance on car with increased mode shares for walking, cycling and public transport. Further, it is assumed that people associated with TOD will travel less. This research aims to develop an improved travel demand model, using four step modelling, to study the travel characteristics of people and model the travel behaviour of inhabitants of a TOD. This model will help to investigate the various claims and will also be used to test various TOD configurations. The data required for testing the methodology will be collected from a case study TOD. Surveys are planned for collecting the travel data for residents, shoppers, students and employees. Results of this data analysis and outputs of the model will help to assess the transportation impacts of a TOD from Australian context.

Truck overloading study in developing countries and strategies to minimise its impacts

Overloaded truck transport is a serious problem in many developing countries, and it incurs huge costs in terms of maintenance and rehabilitation of the damaged road network. The problem of overloading not only causes economic loss but also safety and environmental problems. Many developing countries have been attempting to address this problem in recent years. However, it is an inevitable feature of economic development and expansion. This study examines the overloading problem on a highway network in Anhui Province, China and seeks to determine the damage and hence economic losses.

Heavy vehicle suspension testing and analysis

Some road authorities are becoming increasingly concerned that heavy vehicles with air-sprung suspensions are not as sympathetic to roads as they might otherwise be. There are two HV design and specification issues that have lead to these concerns: HVs operating on the network with air-spring suspensions which were compliant with VSB11, when new are now not complying due to poor maintenance; and the growing evidence that air-sprung “road friendly suspensions” (RFS) do not load share in the dynamic sense. A substantial test programme was carried out in 2007. The objectives of this research are to analyse the 2007 data to determine: if the innovative suspension system improves dynamic load sharing; and if the low-cost innovative methods of suspension testing are able to be validated against the more expensive VSB11-style testing. A further avenue of research will be to instrument and modify a heavy vehicle test roller machine to provide an eccentric loading into HV suspensions. This will yield conclusions on the levels of maintenance beyond which HV suspensions move outside the envelope of “road friendliness” and cause road damage.

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Publications

Selected list of publications

Selected List of Publications

For more publications visit eprints: http://eprints.qut.edu.au/view/person/Bunker,_Jonathan.html

Books and Theses

  • Bunker J.M. 1996.  Microscopic Modelling of Freeway Operations, PhD Thesis, QUT, Brisbane.
  • With Robinson B.W. et al 2000.  Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, FHWA, Washington, D.C.
  • Australian Institute of Traffic Planning and Management Inc. 2000. (eds J. Bunker and J. Douglas).  The Travel Bug: Proceedings of the 2000 AITPM International Conference, AITPM, Thornleigh.
  • Australian Institute of Traffic Planning and Management Inc. 2005. (eds J. Bunker and J. Douglas).  Priority Treatment: Juggling Competing Demands: Proceedings of the 2005 AITPM National Conference, AITPM, Brisbane.

Book Chapters

  • Haldane M.J. and Bunker J.M. 2002.  Examining the Impact of Large Freight Vehicles on Signalised Intersection Operation.  In Travelator: Traffic & Transport On the Move, Australian Institute of Traffic Planning and Management, Thornleigh.
  • Bauer J., McKellar C., Bunker J., and Wikman J. 2005.  High occupancy vehicle lanes – an overall evaluation and case studies in Brisbane.  In Priority Treatment: Juggling Competing Demands, Australian Institute of Traffic Planning and Management, Thornleigh.
  • Ramsay E. and Bunker J. 2005.  Coordinating for priority on urban arterial freight routes.  In Priority Treatment: Juggling Competing Demands, Australian Institute of Traffic Planning and Management, Thornleigh.

Refereed Journal Papers

Conference Papers (* paper refereed in full)

Articles in Periodicals

  • Bunker J. 2006.  Queensland Obesity Summit.  AITPM National Newsletter.  June, Sydney.
  • Bunker J. 2006.  Buses in Brisbane.  AITPM National Newsletter. August/September, Sydney.
  • Bunker J. 2006.  QUT introduces Transport Engineering and Planning Major.  AITPM National Newsletter.  November, Sydney.
  • Bunker J. 2007.  QUT introduces Transport Engineering and Planning Major.  Engineering Queensland News.  January, Brisbane.

Selected Published Reports and Government Publications

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